Method for applying a water repellant composition with a water carrier

ABSTRACT

A method for treating siliceous and carbon central structures with a water repellant composition wherein an affective amount of water repellant composition is dispersed in water and the mixture then is applied in a continuous process after the mixing to the structure to be treated. The methods also contemplate increasing the depth of penetration of a silane into the structure to be treated by applying subsequent applications of silane to the structure to be treated.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

The present application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. Ser. No.07/214,174, filed July 1, 1988, now U.S. Pat. No. 4,931,319, entitled:METHOD FOR APPLYING A WATER REPELLANT COMPOSITION WITH A WATER CARRIER.This application is hereby incorporated by reference into the presentapplication.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates generally to methods for applying waterrepellant compositions to structures and, more particularly, but not byway of limitation, to a method for applying a water repellantcomposition to a structure utilizing a water carrier.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a schematic representation of one embodiment of the method ofthe present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a system showing one otherembodiment of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of yet another embodiment of themethod of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention provides a method for treating siliceousstructures and/or carbon central structures with a water repellantcomposition utilizing a water carrier. In accordance with the method ofthe present invention, an effective amount of water repellantcomposition is mixed with water and the resulting dispersion of waterrepellant composition and water is applied to the structure to betreated in a continuous process.

The water repellant compositions used in the present invention can beselected from commercially available water repellant compositions or maycomprise a silane or siloxane or combinations thereof (sometimesreferred to herein as the active ingredient).

The silane is represented by the general structure or formula: ##STR1##wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A isselected from the group consisting of H, R,or X,

H is a hydrogen atom;

R is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl containing fromabout 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, acycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, anarylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof wherein the cyclosubstituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklylsubstituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenylsubstituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;

X is selected from a group consisting of a halogen, hydroxyl group, ORgroup wherein O is oxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNR or RNH wherein Nis nitrogen; and

with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is R inthe composition.

The siloxane is represented by the general structure or formula:##STR2## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer;and A is selected from the group consisting of H, R,or X,

H is a hydrogen atom;

R is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl containing fromabout 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, acycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, anarylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof wherein the cyclosubstituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklylsubstituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenylsubstituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms;

X is selected from a group consisting of a halogen, hydroxyl group, ORgroup wherein O is oxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNR or RNH wherein Nis nitrogen; and

with the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is R inthe composition.

The water repellant composition may be a substantially pure silane orsiloxane or combinations thereof, or the water repellant composition maybe a silane or siloxane or combinations thereof in a hydrocarbon,alcohol or other solvent. In one preferred embodiment of the presentinvention, the water repellant composition is a pure silane or siloxane,not in a hydrocarbon or alcohol or other solvents such as glycol, so thepresent invention provides a means of applying a silane or siloxane to astructure to be rendered water repellant utilizing a water carrierthereby eliminating the use of hydrocarbon, alcohol or other solventswhich may not be desirable in some applications.

A catalyst may be added to the water repellant composition. Effectivecatalyst can be titanium acetylacetonate or dibutyl tin dilaurate. Ithas been found that the active ingredient in a pure form or in a mediumand a catalyst of only dibutyl tin dilaurate is effective for treatingconcrete or masonry and the amount of the active ingredient can besubstantially reduced. However, this composition was not as effectivefor treating carbon central structures.

Further, it has been found that the active ingredient in a pure form orin a medium and a catalyst of only titanium acetylacetonate is effectivefor treating carbon central structures. However, this composition wasnot as effective for treating siliceous structures.

However, a water repellant composition comprising the active ingredientin a pure form or in a medium and a catalyst of dibutyl tin dilaurateand titanium acetylacetonate has been found to be effective in treatingsiliceous structures as well as carbon central structures to render suchstructures water repellant.

The catalyst, dibutyl tin dilaurate and titanium acetylacetonate, can bepresent in the water repellant composition in a range from less thanabout one percent (1%) to about twenty-five percent (25%) by weight ofthe active ingredient. Solutions or emulsions or dispersions containingas little as about one (1%) to about ten (10%) by weight of the activeingredient have been found to be effective for treating siliceous andcarbon central structures for rendering such structures substantiallywater repellant.

The present invention is useful for treating siliceous structures and orcarbon central structures having available hydroxy (OH) groups.Siliceous structures includes such structures as commonly referred to asconcrete and masonry. Carbon central structures as used herein meansstructures that are characterized by a central carbon atom as opposed toa central silicon atom in siliceous structures, and which have availablehydroxy groups. These carbon central structures can be either organicsuch as leather, paper or wood, or inorganic such as limestone ordolomite. The term "siliceous structure and/or carbon central structure"as used herein includes soil since the present invention also is usefulfor treating soil for soil stabilization and adobe or ram earthstructures because the present invention is useful for treating adobe orram earth bricks for water repellency.

As used herein "medium" means a carrier such as alcohol, water,hydrocarbon or glycol which may be mixed with the water repellantcomposition. In the present invention, the water repellant compositionis mixed with or dispersed in water and applied to the surface to betreated, and the water repellant composition to be dispersed in thewater carrier may be essentially pure or mixed with a medium, as thatterm "medium" is used herein. The present invention is not limited toany particular medium.

As illustrated in FIG. 1, the method of the present invention is carriedout by providing a pressurized water source 10 and a water repellantcomposition source 12. A pressurized water stream 14 is passed from thepressurized water source 10 into a venturi-orifice 16. A water repellantcomposition stream 18 is passed from the water repellant compositionsource 12 through a metering device 20 into the venturi-orifice 16.

The metering device 20 meters the amount of water repellant compositionbeing passed from the water repellant composition source 12 into theventuri-orifice 16. The water in the water stream 14 is mixed with thewater repellant composition in the water repellant composition stream 18in the venturi-orifice 16 and the mixture comprising the water and thewater repellant composition is passed from the venturi-orifice 16 in astream 22 and through a spray nozzle 24. The mixture comprising thewater repellant composition and water is passed from the spray nozzle 24in a stream 26 onto the structure to be treated designated in FIG. 1 bythe reference numeral 28.

The venturi-orifice 16 utilizes the pressure in the pressurized watersource 10 to pump or suck the water repellant composition from the waterrepellant source 12 through the metering device 20. The venturi-orifice16 may be a typical venturi structure or may simply comprise an orifice.The venturi-orifice 16 also functions to facilitate the thorough mixingof the water and the water repellant composition. The venturi-orifice 16also may function as the spray nozzle 24 and, in this instance, thespray nozzle 24 may be eliminated.

It is important to thoroughly mix the water and the water repellantcomposition prior to the mixture being applied to the structure to betreated in order to effectively treat the structure to be treated 28with water repellant composition. The water serves as a carrier to carrythe water repellant composition to the structure to be treated and thewater functions to facilitate the penetration of the water repellantcomposition into the structure to be treated. The water acts as adilutant to disperse the water repellant composition to substantiallyprevent co-condensation of the water repellant composition prior to thewater repellant composition being applied to the structure to be treated28; that is, the silane, siloxane or other water repellant compositionmolecules are highly dispersed in the water and therefore the tendencyis for the molecules to react with or adhere to the substrate to betreated rather than with one another to form polymers or otherwisecoalesce.

In one embodiment, the pressurized water source 10 may be thepressurized water source commonly available at water outlets atcommercial, residential or other structures. In this embodiment, thepressurized water stream 14 is carried to the venturi-orifice 16 througha common garden hose. There are various and numerous commerciallyavailable devices which are connectable to the pressurized water sourceat commercial, residential or other structures and which include aventuri-orifice as the venturi-orifice 16 and a siphon tube connected tothe venturi-orifice 16 wherein the siphon tube is disposable in acontainer containing a liquid such as the water repellant compositionfor passing the water repellant composition stream 18 to theventuri-orifice 16. These commercially available devices or dispensersalso commonly include metering means such as the metering device 20 formetering the amount of water repellant composition to be passed to theventuri-orifice 16. One commercially available device which might beused in the system illustrated in FIG. 1 is commercially available fromGilmor Manufacturing Company of Summerset, Pa. and is referred to bytheir designation "insecticide and fertilizer sprayer with meteringdial". In this embodiment, the present invention contemplates a methodfor applying water repellant composition to the structure to be treatedutilizing a commercially available sprayer connected to a garden hosewhich is connected to the pressurized water source at a commercial orresidential or other structure.

Nothing stated herein should be interpreted to mean or infer thatcommercially available sprayers have been used in the past for applyingwater repellant composition. Such sprayers commonly have been used forapplying herbicides, insecticides or fertilizers to living foliage.

Schematically shown in FIG. 2 is one other embodiment of the method ofthe present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, a water stream 30 is passedfrom a pressurized water source 32 through a metering device 34. Apressurized water repellant composition stream 36 is passed from apressurized water repellant composition source 38 through a meteringdevice 40. The pressurized water stream 30 and the pressurized waterrepellant composition stream 36 are combined for mixing the waterrepellant composition with the water, and a combined water and waterrepellant composition stream 42 is passed through a spray nozzle 44. Acombined water and water repellant composition stream 46 is passed fromthe spray nozzle 44 onto a structure to be treated 48.

One other embodiment illustrating the method of the present invention isshown in FIG. 3 wherein a water stream 50 is supplied from a watersource 52 through a metering device 54. Heat from a heat source 56 isapplied to the water stream 50 for heating the water stream 50 which maybe desired in some applications. A water repellant composition stream 58is supplied from a water repellant composition source 60 through ametering device 62. Heat from a heat source 64 is applied to the waterrepellant composition stream 58 for heating the water repellantcomposition.

The water supply stream and the water repellant composition stream arepassed into each other and mixed to some degree to form a mixture ofwater and water repellant composition stream 66 which is supplied to theinlet of a pump 68. The pump 68 pumps the mixture of water and waterrepellant composition and outputs a dispersion of water and waterrepellant composition stream 70 which is passed through a nozzle 72 andapplied to a structure to be treated 74. In addition to providing asource of energy for pumping the mixture of water and water repellantcomposition, the pump 68 also functions to complete the thorough mixingof the water and the water repellant composition prior to the mixturebeing applied to the structure to be treated 74.

As shown in FIG. 3, heat from a heat source 76 is applied to the mixturestream 70 for heating the mixture stream 70 prior to the mixture stream70 being applied to the structure to be treated which may be desired insome instances.

It should be noted that it may be desirable in some applications toeliminate any or all of the heat sources 56, 64 or 76. For example, onlythe heat source 76 may be required in some applications or only the heatsource 56 may be required in some applications or only the heat source56 and 64 may be required in some applications.

The term "water source" is used herein in connection with the watersources 10, 32 and 52 shall include steam since in some instances it maybe desirable to use steam as the medium for mixing with the waterrepellant composition to be applied to the structure to be treated.

In its simplest form, the present invention comprises adding a portionof water repellant composition and a portion of water to container,agitating the container, and immediately pouring or spraying theresulting dispersion onto the surface to be rendered water repellant.

In one test, five cupcake shaped concrete blocks were treated asfollows: Specimen 1 was treated by putting 3 ml of isobutyltrimethoxysilane into a 100 ml graduated cylinder. The cylinder then was filledwith tap water (97 ml of water), agitated vigorously, and the resultingdispersion was poured immediately onto Specimen 1.

Specimens 2 through 5 were treated in the same manner with increasingsilane concentrations in the dispersion. About 5 hours later, the 5specimens were split in half, and the fractured face was wetted forvisual observation of the silane penetration depth. All 5 specimensappeared about the same with about 1/2 inch of silane penetration asshown in Table I below:

                  TABLE I                                                         ______________________________________                                        SPECI-  AMOUNT OF   AMOUNT OF   PENETRATION                                   MEN     SILANE      TAP WATER   DEPTH                                         NUMBER  (ml)        (ml)        (inches)                                      ______________________________________                                        1       3           97          1/2                                           2       6           94          1/2                                           3       9           91          1/2                                           4       12          88          1/2                                           5       15          85          1/2                                           ______________________________________                                    

In another test, one cupcake shaped concrete specimen was treated bypouring 5 ml of N-octyltriethoxy silane into a 100 ml of tap water, andvigorously agitate. The resulting dispersion immediately was poured ontothe specimen. This specimen was split and visually checked for depth ofpenetration. It appeared that the dispersion had penetrated into thespecimen to depth of about 1/4 inch.

In another test, a Gilmor garden spray unit of the type described beforewas used to apply one pint of isobutyltrimethoxy silane containing about2% dibutyl tin dilaurate to about 400 square feet of concrete and bricksurface. The spray unit's venturi meter was set to mix the silane in thewater at about 5% to about 6% silane by volume. The treated surfacebecame water repellant immediately and showed a vivid water bead effectand high degree of water repellency within about 1 hour or less.

In another test, a 100 ml graduated cylinder was filled to about the 10ml mark with isobutyltrimethoxy silane and then about 1 ml of titaniumacetyl acetonate was added. This water repellant composition wasdispersed in water by adding 89 ml of tap water and agitatingvigorously. The dispersion immediately was poured onto a piece of roughcedar wood. The cedar became water repellant a few hours later.

Where the mixture of water and water repellant composition is appliedunder pressure either because the water source is pressurized or becausethe water repellant composition source is pressurized or both or becausethe mixture is pumped and outputted under pressure, it may be possibleto eliminate the cleaning of the surface of the structure to be treatedutilizing the process of the present invention. The pressurized mixtureof water and water repellant composition applied to the structure to betreated simultaneously would clean the surface of the structure to betreated sufficiently to permit the water repellant composition tomigrate into the structure to be treated. It is not necessary that thesurface of the structure to be treated be cleaned in an ordinary since,but rather that the debris be moved so that the water repellantcomposition will have access to the surface of the structure to betreated for proper application.

In accordance with the present invention, the mixture of water and waterrepellant composition is applied to the structure to be treated in acontinuous process about immediately after mixing the water and thewater repellant composition. In some instances, depending on the lengthof conduits or hoses, various times will elapse between the mixing ofthe water and the water repellant composition and the applying of themixture to the structure to be treated. The exact time is notsignificant as long as the mixture is applied in a substantiallycontinuous process after the mixing of the water and water repellantcomposition at the site. The mixture of water and water repellantcomposition is applied to the structure to be treated prior tosubstantial co-condensation of the water repellant composition. In otherwords, the silane or siloxane, or other water repellant compositionmolecules are highly dispersed in the water and therefore the tendencyis for the silane or other molecules to react with or adhere to thesubstrate to be treated rather than with one another to form polymers orotherwise coalesce. In most applications, it is contemplated that themixture or dispersion of water and water repellant composition will beapplied to the structure to be treated within a time range from aboutless than five seconds to about less than five minutes.

In some applications, the water and the water repellant composition maybe mixed at the site, temporarily stored in a chamber at the site andsubsequently applied to the structure to be treated and, in thisinstance, this is considered to be applied in a continuous process atthe site. The use of the term "in a continuous process at the site" asused herein is intended to distinguish the present process fromapplications where water repellant composition and water are mixed insome manner, stored in containers and shipped to the site for subsequentapplication to the structure to be treated. The methods of the presentinvention do not include or encompass the method just described in thelast preceding sentence.

Utilizing a silane of the structure described before, it also has beendiscovered that the depth of penetration of the silane into thestructure to be treated can be increased by applying subsequent coats ofthe silane to the surface of the structure to be treated. In thisapplication, the silane is applied to the surface of the structure to betreated and after waiting at least a few minutes for the structure toappear dry, a second coat of silane is applied to the surface of thestructure to be treated. Subsequent coats can be applied in a similarmanner for still further increasing the depth of penetration of thesilane into the structure to be treated.

This technique of increasing the depth of penetration can be used inconjunction with the methods described before in connection with FIGS.1, 2 and 3 and this technique of increasing the depth of penetration byapplying subsequent coats of the silane to the surface of the structureto be treated can be used in connection with applying either pure silaneor silane in solution with a medium without the water mixing stepdescribed before in connection with FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, or the watermixing step may be utilized for the first application for simultaneouslycleaning the surface of the structure to be treated.

In one test, with respect to the increasing of the depth of penetrationof the silane, six uniform samples of concrete identified as M₁, M₂, M₃,M₄, M₅ and M₆ were treated in the following manner:

A. Samples M₁ and M₂ were dipped in an alktrialkoxysilane in a 40%solution with isopropyl alcohol. The samples M1 and M₂ were not furthertreated with this silane solution.

B. Samples M₃, M₄, M₅ and M₆ were retreated about one week later byflooding the dry surface of the samples M₃, M₄, M₅ and M₆ with the 40%silane solution. Samples M₃ and M₄ were not further treated.

C. The samples M₅ and M₆ were retreated a third time after a few minuteslapse of time between the second treatment of these samples M₅ and M₆.

All of the samples, M₁, M₂, M₃, M₄, M₅ and M₆ were split open and thesplit surfaces wetted to visually check the depth of penetration. Thedepth of penetration was visually checked on Day 1 and again on Day 4,four days later, and the results of these tests are indicated in TableII below.

                                      TABLE II                                    __________________________________________________________________________          DEPTH OF        DEPTH OF                                                      PENETRATION     PENETRATION                                                   (Inches) AVERAGE                                                                              (Inches) AVERAGE                                        SAMPLES                                                                             Day 1    INCHES DAY 4    INCHES                                         __________________________________________________________________________    M.sub.1                                                                             5/32     7/64    3/16     3/16                                          M.sub.2                                                                             2/32             3/16                                                   M.sub.3                                                                             3/16     7/32   1/4      1/4                                            M.sub.4                                                                             4/16            1/4                                                     M.sub.5                                                                             3/8      3/8    3/8      3/8                                            M.sub.6                                                                             3/8             3/8                                                     __________________________________________________________________________

The differences between the depths of penetration shown in Table IIabove for Day 1 and Day 4 for the same sample probably were due to thefact that the treatment became more visible after a lapse of timefollowing the initial water wetting for visible inspection. In anyevent, the tests illustrated in FIG. 1 above do show that subsequentapplications of silane to the surface to be treated did significantlyincrease the depth of penetration of the silane into the surface of thestructure to be treated.

In one embodiment, a steam cleaning unit is fitted with a chemical feedsystem of either a pump or venturi type commonly used to supplydetergents or acid/alkali solutions for cleaning masonry structures suchas reinforced concrete bridge decks. The steam cleaning unit may be ofthe type described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,819,400, issued to Plankl, et al.,June 25, 1974, for example. In this instance, the chemical being fedinto the steam stream is the water repellant composition. The unit thusequipped is used to treat a dirty reinforced concrete bridge deck byforcing the water repellant composition into the concrete to a depth ofabout 3/8 of an inch or more, using the heat and pressure of the steamjet to move the dirt, oils, films and other contaminants while causingthe water repellant composition to rapidly migrate into the concretestructure. After the water repellant composition has reacted, the outer3/8 of an inch of the structure becomes extremely dry due to itsinherent hydrophobic nature imparted by the water repellant composition.A number of applications of solvent (medium) solutions of silane waterrepellant composition can then be sprayed onto the cleaned (poresopened) and hydrophobically dry surface to facilitate penetrationpossibly down to and below the reinforcing steel. In this manner, aconcrete bridge deck can become permanently resistant to steel corrosionand salt and water and freeze thaw attack. Existing methods requireexpensive cleaning followed by heavy coatings with water repellantmaterials. These existing methods are limited by the wear resistance ofthe coating. The cleaning and traffic control presently accounts formost of the treatment expense. The present invention will provide muchlonger lasting and more effective protection for the same or lessercost.

In another embodiment, a Gilmor sprayer of the type described before canbe used to apply a 3% to 5% dispersion of silane in water providingsubstantial depth of penetration and long term protection, followed by asecond treatment with about 1% to about 2% dispersion or less ofsiloxane in water to improve the appearance or beading effect (contactangle). The second treatment might be repeated every few years torevitalize the beading effect.

Changes may be made in the steps or in the sequence of steps of themethods described herein without departing from the spirit and scope ofthe invention as defined in the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method for treating siliceous and/or carboncentral structures at a site with a water repellant compositioncomprising the steps of:mixing an effective amount of water repellantcomposition with water to obtain a dispersion of water and waterrepellant composition; applying the dispersion of water repellantcomposition and water to the structure in a continuous process at thesite immediately within about 5 seconds after the water repellantcomposition and the water are mixed; and wherein the water repellantcomposition comprises a silane or siloxane or combinations thereof and,wherein the silane has the general formula: a silane or a siloxane orcombination thereof; and wherein the silane has the general formula:##STR3## wherein the siloxane has the general formula: ##STR4## whereinSi is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selectedfrom the group consisting of H, R,or X,H is a hydrogen atom; R isselected from the group consisting of an alkyl containing from about 1to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkylgroup, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group,or any substituted group thereof wherein the cyclo substituent containsfrom about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklyl substituent contains upto about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about8 carbon atoms; X is selected from a group consisting of a halogen,hydroxyl group, OR group wherein O is oxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNRor RNH wherein N is nitrogen; and with the proviso that at least one Ais X, and at least one A is R in the composition.
 2. The method of claim1 wherein the step of mixing the water repellant composition with thewater is defined further to include:passing water under pressure via awater stream; passing the water repellant composition into the waterstream for mixing with the water; and wherein the step of applying thedispersion to the structure is defined further to include the step:passing the dispersion of water repellant composition and water underpressure onto the structure.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the stepof mixing the water repellant composition with the water is definedfurther to include the steps of:passing water under pressure through aventuri-orifice; passing the water repellant composition into the waterin the venturi-orifice for mixing with the water to form the dispersionof water and water repellant composition; and passing the dispersion ofwater repellant composition and water from the venturi-orifice to thestructure to be treated.
 4. The method of claim 3 defined further toinclude the step of:passing the dispersion of water and water repellantcomposition through a spray nozzle, and the dispersion of water andwater repellant composition from the spray nozzle being passed onto thestructure to be treated.
 5. The method of claim 3 defined further toinclude the step of:metering the water repellant composition passed tothe venturi-orifice for mixing a predetermined amount of water repellantcomposition with the water being passed through the venturi-orifice. 6.The method of claim 1 wherein the step of mixing the water repellantcomposition with water is defined further to include the stepsof:passing water in a water stream to a pump; passing water repellantcomposition in a water repellant composition stream to the pump;combining the water stream and the water repellant composition streamprior to or simultaneously with passing the water and the waterrepellant composition to the pump; and passing the dispersion of waterand water repellant composition to the pump; pumping the dispersion ofwater and water repellant composition through a spray nozzle forspraying the dispersion of water and water repellant composition ontothe structure to be treated.
 7. The method of claim 6 defined further toinclude the step of:metering the water in the water stream to provide apredetermined amount of water prior to mixing the water and the waterrepellant composition.
 8. The method of claim 6 defined further toinclude the step of metering the water repellant composition prior tomixing the water and the water repellant composition for providing apredetermined amount of water repellant composition for mixing with thewater.
 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the step of mixing the waterrepellant composition with the water is defined further to include thesteps of:passing water repellant composition under pressure via a waterrepellant composition stream; passing water in a water stream; mixingthe water with the water repellant composition under pressure for mixingthe water repellant composition with the water to form the dispersion ofwater and water repellant composition; andwherein the step of applyingthe dispersion to the structure is defined further to include the stepof passing the dispersion of water repellant composition and water underpressure onto the structure to be treated.
 10. The method of claim 1defined further to include the step of:applying a subsequent applicationof water repellant composition to the structure to be treated.
 11. Amethod for increasing the depth of penetration of a water repellantcomposition into a siliceous structure to be treated comprising thesteps of:applying the water repellant composition to the structure to betreated; and applying a second application of the water repellantcomposition to the structure to be treated; and wherein the waterrepellant composition is a silane having the general formula: ##STR5##wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A isselected from the group consisting of H, R,or X,H is a hydrogen atom; Ris selected from the group consisting of an alkyl containing from about1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, acycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, anarylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereof wherein the cyclosubstituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklylsubstituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and the alkenylsubstituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; X is selected from agroup consisting of a halogen, hydroxyl group, OR group wherein O isoxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNR or RNH wherein N is nitrogen; andwith the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is R inthe composition.
 12. The method of claim 11 defined further to includethe step of:applying subsequent applications, after the secondapplication of the water repellant to the structure to be treated. 13.The method of claim 11 wherein the step of applying the secondapplication is defined further as applying the second application afterpermitting the structure to be treated to appear relatively dry.
 14. Themethod of claim 1 defined further to include the step of:applyingsubsequent applications of the water repellant composition to thestructure to be treated for improving the treatments performance orappearance or for revitalizing the treatment's performance orappearance.
 15. A method for treating siliceous and/or carbon centralstructures at a site with a water repellant composition comprising thesteps of:mixing an effective amount of water repellant composition withwater to obtain a dispersion of water and water repellant composition;applying the dispersion of water repellant composition and water to thestructure in a continuous process at the site for applying the waterrepellant composition to structure immediately within about 5 secondsafter the water repellant composition and the water are mixed; andwherein the water repellant composition comprises a silane, and whereinthe silane has the general formula: ##STR6## wherein Si is silicon; O isoxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected from the groupconsisting of H, R,or X,H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from thegroup consisting of an alkyl containing from about 1 to about 30 carbonatoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, acycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or anysubstituted group thereof wherein the cyclo substituent contains fromabout 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the aklyl substituent contains up toabout 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8carbon atoms; X is selected from a group consisting of a halogen,hydroxyl group, OR group wherein O is oxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNRor RNH wherein N is nitrogen; and with the proviso that at least one Ais X, and at least one A is R in the composition.
 16. The method ofclaim 15 defined further to include the step of:applying a subsequentapplication of water repellant composition to the structure to betreated for increasing the depth of penetration.
 17. The method of claim15 defined further to include the step of:applying subsequentapplications of the water repellant composition to the structure to betreated for improving the treatments performance or appearance or forrevitalizing the treatment's performance or appearance.
 18. The methodof claim 15 wherein the step of mixing the water repellant compositionwith the water is defined further to include:passing water underpressure via a water stream; passing the water repellant compositioninto the water stream for mixing with the water; and wherein the step ofapplying the dispersion to the structure is defined further to includethe step: passing the dispersion of water repellant composition andwater under pressure onto the structure.
 19. The method of claim 15wherein the step of mixing the water repellant composition with thewater is define further to include the steps of:passing water underpressure through a venturi-orifice; passing the water repellantcomposition into the water in the venturi-orifice for mixing with thewater to form the dispersion of water and water repellant composition;and passing the dispersion of water repellant composition and water fromthe venturi-orifice to the structure to be treated.
 20. The method ofclaim 19 defined further to include the step of:passing the dispersionof water and water repellant composition through a spray nozzle, and thedispersion of water and water repellant composition from the spraynozzle being passed onto the structure to be treated.
 21. The method ofclaim 19 defined further to include the step of:metering the waterrepellant composition passed to the venturi-orifice for mixing apredetermined amount of water repellant composition with the water beingpassed through the venturi-orifice.
 22. The method of claim 15 whereinthe step of mixing the water repellant composition with water is definedfurther to include the steps of:passing water in a water stream to apump; passing water repellant composition in a water repellantcomposition stream to the pump; combining the water stream and the waterrepellant composition stream prior to or simultaneously with passing thewater and the water repellant composition to the pump; and passing thedispersion of water and water repellant composition to the pump; pumpingthe dispersion of water and water repellant composition through a spraynozzle for spraying the dispersion of water and water repellantcomposition onto the structure to be treated.
 23. The method of claim 22defined further to include the step of:metering the water in the waterstream to provide a predetermined amount of water prior to mixing thewater and the water repellant composition.
 24. The method of claim 22defined further to include the step of metering the water repellantcomposition prior to mixing the water and the water repellantcomposition for providing a predetermined amount of water repellantcomposition for mixing with the water.
 25. The method of claim 15wherein the step of mixing the water repellant composition with thewater is defined further to include the steps of:passing water repellantcomposition under pressure via a water repellant composition stream;passing water in a water stream; mixing the water with the waterrepellant composition under pressure for mixing the water repellantcomposition with the water to form the dispersion of water and waterrepellant composition; and wherein the step of applying the dispersionto the structure is defined further to include the step of passing thedispersion of water repellant composition and water under pressure ontothe structure to be treated.
 26. A method for applying a water repellantcomposition to a structure to be treated using a garden hose connectableto a water outlet and a dispenser adapted to hold a quantity of thewater repellant composition and being connectable to the garden hose forpassing the water repellant composition into the water running throughthe garden hose comprising the steps of:placing a quantity of the waterrepellant composition in the dispenser; connecting the dispenser to thegarden hose; passing water through the garden hose so water repellantcomposition from the dispenser is mixed with the water to obtain adispersion of water and water repellant composition; and passing thedispersion from the garden hose and onto the structure to be treatedimmediately within about 5 seconds after the water repellant compositionand the water are mixed and wherein the water repellant compositioncomprises a silane having the general formula: ##STR7## wherein Si issilicon; O is oxygen; n is a positive integer; and A is selected fromthe group consisting of H, R, or X,H is a hydrogen atom; R is selectedfrom the group consisting of an alkyl containing from about 1 to about30 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, acycloalkenyl group, an arylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or anysubstituted group thereof wherein the cyclo substituent contains fromabout 4 to about 8 carbon atoms, the alkyl substituent contains up toabout 8 carbon atoms and the alkenyl substituent contains up to about 8carbon atoms X is selected from a group consisting of a halogen,hydroxyl group, OR group wherein O is oxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNRor RHN wherein N is nitrogen; and with the proviso that at least one Ais X, and at least one A is R in the composition.
 27. A method forapplying a water repellant composition to a structure to be treatedusing a garden hose connectable to a water outlet and a dispenseradapted to hold a quantity of the water repellant composition and beingconnectable to the garden hose for passing the water repellantcomposition into the water running through the garden hose comprisingthe steps of:placing a quantity of the water repellant composition inthe dispenser; connecting the dispenser to the garden hose; passingwater through the garden hose so water repellant composition from thedispenser is mixed with the water to obtain a dispersion of water andwater repellant composition; and passing the dispersion from the gardenhose and onto the structure to be treated immediately within about 5seconds after the water repellant composition and the water are mixed;and wherein the water repellant composition comprises a siloxane havingthe general formula: ##STR8## wherein Si is silicon; O is oxygen; n is apositive integer; and A is selected from the group consisting of H, R,or X,H is a hydrogen atom; R is selected from the group consisting of analkyl containing from about 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an alkenylgroup, an aryl group, acycloalkyl group, a cycloalkenyl group, anarylalkyl group, an arylalkenyl group, or any substituted group thereofwherein the cyclo substituent contains from about 4 to about 8 carbonatoms, the aklyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms and thealkenyl substituent contains up to about 8 carbon atoms; X is selectedfrom a group consisting of a halogen, hydroxyl group, OR group wherein Ois oxygen, a carboxylic group, or RNR or RHN wherein N is nitrogen; andwith the proviso that at least one A is X, and at least one A is R inthe composition.